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Analytics & machine learning
Data Scientist
Most of the job is cleaning data nobody documented.
Typical pay
$85k-$170k
How you get in
Quantitative degree plus a portfolio; master's is common
Outlook
Solid at senior level; saturated at entry
Data scientists build models and analyses to answer business questions and drive decisions. The romantic version is machine learning; the real version is a great deal of data cleaning, stakeholder management and explaining uncertainty.
A day in the life
- 9:00aCheck yesterday's model run and data pipeline
- 10:00aClean and join a messy new dataset
- 12:30pLunch
- 1:30pFeature engineering and model iteration
- 3:30pPresent findings to stakeholders who wanted a simpler answer
- 5:00pDocument assumptions so the result is reproducible
How to get in
Quantitative degree plus portfolio
Duration
4 years
Cost
$40,000-$180,000
Credential
BS in statistics, math, computer science or economics
- Complete a quantitative degree with real statistics coursework
- Learn Python, SQL and the standard data stack
- Build end-to-end projects on messy public data, not clean tutorials
- Enter as an analyst and move into data science internally
Master's degree
Duration
1-2 years after a bachelor's
Cost
$25,000-$90,000
Credential
MS in data science, statistics or analytics
- Hold a quantitative bachelor's
- Complete a master's with a capstone on real data
- Intern during the program — this is what converts to offers
- The most common entry credential for the title today
Analyst into data science
Duration
2-4 years
Cost
$0-$5,000
Credential
None — internal track record
- Start as a data analyst, which is far easier to enter
- Learn statistics and machine learning properly on the side
- Take on predictive work at your current company
- Move into the data science title with domain knowledge others lack
What people love
- · High pay and intellectually demanding
- · Remote-friendly
- · Applies to nearly every industry
- · Genuine influence on decisions
What wears people down
- · Cleaning data is most of the work
- · Entry level is very crowded and credential-heavy
- · Results are often ignored for political reasons
- · Title means wildly different things at different companies